MOHAMED ELHACHMI (*)
The term cybernetics originates from the Greek language, and it refers to steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder.
The word “Cybernetics” was first defined by Norbert Wiener, an American mathematician and philosopher, who was a professor of mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In his 1948 book titled “Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine”, he defines it as the study of living and artificial systems and their controls. It emphasizes the relationship between different sub-parts of a system and their effect on the whole.
At the beginning, it was used in military field in order to fulfil the perfect usage of electronic weapons by soldiers in battlefield.Until today, it is still being useful in military, and is being further developed under many plans for the future. For instance, a new report from the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command at the Chemical Biological Center detailed what the field of cybernetics might look like in 2050. The report, titled Cyborg Soldiers 2050: Human/ Machine Fusion and the Implications for the Future of the DOD, presents the framework for a dystopian novel set in a near future where injured soldiers are cybernetically enhanced, but come home to America terrified of cyborgs.
It is reasonable to think that these military aims are the main reason behind establishing cybernetics. But in the process of its evolvement, it became a trump card in every other discipline thanks to the huge difference it makes when implemented in various fields.
Cybernetics in marketing:
Capitalism is based on the freedom of exchange and competition to make a benefit; accordingly, it is obvious to use cybernetics in the business field. By using that, empirical analysis and scientific concepts can help to understand business processesand potential improvements by shading light on the right spot.
The Term “Business Cybernetics” has been introduced for the first time in 2002 byDr. Srinivas Jammalamadaka, who is a statistician specializing in directional statistics, goodness of fit tests, spacings, and aspects of large sample efficiencies and inference.
Analyzing business or sales by using cybernetics gives understanding to Einstein’s quotation, “problems created on one level cannot be solved at the same level”, as it’s detailed in the Onion theory:
Cybernetics and values:
Values are illustrated in people’s preferences and ideas about what is good, bad, their feelings and experiences. Cybernetics are also being applied in this new sphere of values in order to determine a unit meaning of ethics and define limits to ethical behaviour. If this application happens successfully, it will be a huge revolution in ethics in the context of globalisation. As a starting point, cybernetic ethics are a way of viewing the evolution of ethical systems in terms of the informational feedback generated by selected human actions. In addition, cybernetics is also used also in some other scientific, cognitive and public fields, such as education, dietetics, and sport, etc.
research student in field of Islamic thought and social sciences.(*)
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